UWAGI DOTYCZĄCE MIEJSC KULTU W OKRESIE STAROŻYTNOŚCI CHRZEŚCIJAŃSKIEJ

Bazyli Degórski

doi:10.15290/std.2023.09.02

Published: 2023-12-281

Vol. 9 (2023)

NOTES ON RELIGIOUS SITES IN CHRISTIAN ANTIQUITY

Bazyli Degórski

Studies in dogmatic theology

Section: Artykuły

https://doi.org/10.15290/std.2023.09.02

Abstract

The Church Fathers’ view of Christian temples is linked to their Christocentric worldview, which was reflected in patristic biblical exegesis. The most important symbol is the cross of Christ. The Church Fathers refer to the cross and the quadrangle in connection with the four rivers that flow out of paradise and irrigate the church and the mountain. Noah’s Ark in the NT is a figure of the Church because it was formed from a square. Another ideal of a Christian temple is the Heavenly Jerusalem, whose length is equal to its width and which is a square. The plan of the early Christian Basilica often reflected the shape of the cross, which was placed in the geometric figure of a rectangle or square. A completely new element in such a plan was the T-shaped transept, which intersected the nave, or the always odd number of longitudinal aisles. Thus, the cross inscribed in a square, reflects the concept according to which the world is created for man, and man is born to sing God’s glory: outstretched arms (horizontal line) and straight body (vertical line) form a square. Numerous forms of circular cult buildings were also known. They were connected with the figure of the octagon and the symbolism of the numbers 8 and 100. The number 100 was a symbol of the highest perfection, as well as a symbol of the glory achieved by martyrs and virgins. This was reflected in the application of the principle of modus, species, ordo. In Christianity, geometric figures com- bine to create symbolism relating to Christ and the cross. It can be said that the thought of the Church Fathers had not only symbolic, but also practical significance for sacral structures.

Keywords:

early Christian temples, symbolism, rhetoric, numerology, flexio et loquela digitorum.

Download files

B.Degórski (Język Polski)

Citation rules

Degórski, B. (2023). NOTES ON RELIGIOUS SITES IN CHRISTIAN ANTIQUITY. Studies in Dogmatic Theology, 9, 19–35. https://doi.org/10.15290/std.2023.09.02

Cited by / Share

Licence

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

References

Bibliografia: Źródła
Google Scholar

Andreas Cretensis, In exaltatione crucis oratio, PG 97, 1017-1036.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, De natura boni contra Manichaeos, CSEL 25/2, 853-889.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, De Trinitate, CCL 50-50A.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, Enarrationes in Psalmos, CCL 38-40.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, Epistulae, CSEL 34/1-2; CSEL 44; CSEL 57-58.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, Quaestiones in Heptateuchum, CCL 33, 381-465.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, Sermones, PL 38-39; CCL 41.
Google Scholar

Augustinus Hipponensis, Tractatus in Iohannem, CCL 36.
Google Scholar

Callinicus, Vita Hypatii, SCh 177.
Google Scholar

Claudius Claudianus, De Consulatu Stilichonis, [w:] Claudian, Panegyric on Probinus and Olybrius. Against Rufinus 1 and 2. War against Gildo. Against Eutropius 1 and 2. Fescennine Verses on the Marriage of Honorius. Epithalamium of Honorius and Maria. Panegyrics on the Third and Fourth Consulships of Honorius. Panegyric on the Consulship of Manlius. On Stilicho’s Consulship 1, red. M. Platnauer, Cambridge MA 1922.
Google Scholar

Claudius Rutilius Namatianus, De reditu suo, [w:] Cl. Rutilius Namatianus. Édition critique accompagnée d’une traduction française, red. E. Vessereau, Parigi 1904.
Google Scholar

Clemens Alexandrinus, Stromata, PG 8, 685 – 9, 602; SCh 30; SCh 38; GCS 52
Google Scholar

(15); GCS 172, 3-102 et 231-234.
Google Scholar

Cyprianus Carthaginensis, Epistulae, CSEL 3/2.
Google Scholar

Cyrillus Alexandrinus, Glaphyra in Pentateuchum, PG 69, 13-678.
Google Scholar

Eusebius Caesariensis, Historia Ecclesiastica, PG 20, 45-906; GCS 9/1-2.
Google Scholar

Gregorius Magnus, Homiliae in Hiezechielem, CCL 142.
Google Scholar

Gregorius Magnus, Regula Pastoralis, PL 77; SCh 381-382.
Google Scholar

Gregorius Nyssenus, Epistulae, PG 46, 1093-1100.
Google Scholar

Hieronymus Stridonensis, Commentarii in Ezechielem, CCL 75.
Google Scholar

Hieronymus Stridonensis, In Matthaeum, CCL 77.
Google Scholar

Hilarius Pictaviensis, Tractatus super Psalmos, CSEL 22.
Google Scholar

Iohannes Cassianus, Conlationes Patrum, SCh 42; 54; 64.
Google Scholar

Iustinus, Dialogus cum Tryphone Iudaeo, [w:] G. Archambault (ed.), Justin, Dialogue avec Tryphon. Texte grec, traduction française, introduction, notes et index, Textes et documents pour l’étude historique du christianisme 8, t. 1-2, Paris 1909.
Google Scholar

Marcus Valerius Martialis, Epigrammaton, [w:] D.R.S. Bailey (ed.), M. Valerii Martialis epigrammata, Stuttgart 1990.
Google Scholar

Paulinus Nolanus, Epistulae, CSEL 29, 1-425, tł. M. Wysocki et alii, Paulin z Noli, Listy, ŹMT 82, Kraków 2019.
Google Scholar

Pontificale Romanum a Benedicto XIV et Leone XII Pont. Max. recognitum et castigatum, Ratisbonae 1891.
Google Scholar

Pseudo Dionysius Areopagita, De Divinis nominibus, PG 3, 585-597, 636-652, 680-684, 693-736, 816-825, 856-857, 865-873, 889-897, 909-917, 936-940, 948-956, 969-972, 977-984.
Google Scholar

Pseudo Tertullianus, Carmen adversus Marcionitas, CCL 2, 1421-1454.
Google Scholar

Sedulius, Paschale carmen, CSEL 10, 1-154.
Google Scholar

Tertullianus Carthaginensis, De baptismo, CCL 1, 277-295.
Google Scholar

Tertullianus Carthaginensis, De resurrectione mortuorum, CCL 2, 921-1012.
Google Scholar

Tertullianus Carthaginensis, Adversus Marcionem, CCL 1, 441-726.
Google Scholar

Opracowania
Google Scholar

Connelly J., Hymns of the roman liturgy, London 1957.
Google Scholar

Degórski B., Katechezy przedchrzcielne Nicetasa z Remezjany, „Vox Patrum”
Google Scholar

(1990), s. 107-112.
Google Scholar

Degórski B., Chrzest w Traktatach Wielkanocnych św. Gaudentego z Brescji, „Vox Patrum” 32 (2012), s. 103-113.
Google Scholar

Degórski B., Uczta dla biedaków w Konstantyńskiej Bazylice św. Piotra w Rzymie na podstawie Listu św. Pammachiusza, „Dissertationes Paulinorum” 27 (2018), s. 5-35.
Google Scholar

Dupont-Sommer A., Une hymne syriaque sur la cathédrale d’Edesse, „Cahiers Archéologiques” 2 (1947), s. 29-39.
Google Scholar

Grabar A., Le témoignage d’une hymne syriaque sur l’architecture de la cathédrale d’Edesse au VIe siècle et sur La symbolique de l’édifice chrétien, „Cahiers Archéologiques” 2 (1947), s. 41-67.
Google Scholar

Khatchatrian A., Les baptistères paléochrétiens, Paris 1962.
Google Scholar

Kittel G., Die Religionsgeschichte und das Urchristentum, Gütersloh 1932.
Google Scholar

Leclercq H., Apamée, [w:] Dictionnaire d’Archéologie Chrétienne et de Liturgie, t. 1,
Google Scholar

Paris 1907, kol. 2504-2507.
Google Scholar

Quacquarelli A., Il triplice frutto della vita cristiana: 100, 60, 30 (Mt. 11,8 nelle diverse interpretazioni), Roma 1953.
Google Scholar

Quacquarelli A., Ai margini dell’actio: la loquela digitorum, „Vetera Christianorum”
Google Scholar

(1970), s. 199-224.
Google Scholar

Quacquarelli A., I luoghi di culto e il linguaggio simbolico nei primi due secoli cristiani, [w:] Saggi patristici, „Quaderni di Vetera Christianorum” 5, Bari 1971.
Google Scholar

Quacquarelli A., L’ogdoade patristica e suoi riflessi nella liturgia e nei monumenti, „Quaderni di Vetera Christianorum” 7, Bari 1973.
Google Scholar

Ritz S., La nuova Gerusalemme dell’Apocalisse e Santo Stefano Rotondo, Roma 1967.
Google Scholar

Ritz S., Le città celesti dei primi cristiani: quella dell’Apocalisse secondo Eusebio, e quella
Google Scholar

del Monte Celio in Roma, Roma 1971.
Google Scholar

Rousseau O., Quelques textes patristiques sur la Jérusalem céleste, „La vie spirituelle” 86 (1952), s. 378-388.
Google Scholar

Słomka J., Wczesnochrześcijańskie nazwy chrztu, Katowice 2009.
Google Scholar

Testini P., Archeologia cristiana, Roma 1958.
Google Scholar

Verzone P., Il martyrium ottagono a Hierapolis in Frigia, „Palladio” 10 (1960), s. 1-20.
Google Scholar

Bazyli Degórski

osppe.roma@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1997-2769

Affiliation:

Papieski Uniwersytet św. Tomasza z Akwinu w Rzymie Italy

Bio Statement (e.g., department and rank)

o. BAZYLI DEGÓRSKI, OSPPE – prof. dr hab., profesor patrologii i teologii do- gmatycznej okresu patrystycznego na Papieskim Uniwersytecie św. Tomasza z Akwinu w Rzymie („Angelicum”), prokurator generalny przy Stolicy Apostolskiej.

ORCID: 0000-0003-1997-2769